Files
lichterei-web/kirby/src/Database/Sql.php
Bastian Allgeier d8e797dd9b Upgrade to 3.4.3
2020-09-15 10:25:09 +02:00

956 lines
27 KiB
PHP
Executable File

<?php
namespace Kirby\Database;
use Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException;
use Kirby\Toolkit\A;
use Kirby\Toolkit\Str;
/**
* SQL Query builder
*
* @package Kirby Database
* @author Bastian Allgeier <bastian@getkirby.com>
* @link https://getkirby.com
* @copyright Bastian Allgeier GmbH
* @license https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT
*/
abstract class Sql
{
/**
* List of literals which should not be escaped in queries
*
* @var array
*/
public static $literals = ['NOW()', null];
/**
* The parent database connection
*
* @var \Kirby\Database\Database
*/
protected $database;
/**
* List of used bindings; used to avoid
* duplicate binding names
*
* @var array
*/
protected $bindings = [];
/**
* Constructor
* @codeCoverageIgnore
*
* @param \Kirby\Database\Database $database
*/
public function __construct($database)
{
$this->database = $database;
}
/**
* Returns a randomly generated binding name
*
* @param string $label String that only contains alphanumeric chars and
* underscores to use as a human-readable identifier
* @return string Binding name that is guaranteed to be unique for this connection
*/
public function bindingName(string $label): string
{
// make sure that the binding name is safe to prevent injections;
// otherwise use a generic label
if (!$label || preg_match('/^[a-zA-Z0-9_]+$/', $label) !== 1) {
$label = 'invalid';
}
// generate random bindings until the name is unique
do {
$binding = ':' . $label . '_' . Str::random(8, 'alphaNum');
} while (in_array($binding, $this->bindings) === true);
// cache the generated binding name for future invocations
$this->bindings[] = $binding;
return $binding;
}
/**
* Returns a query to list the columns of a specified table;
* the query needs to return rows with a column `name`
*
* @param string $table Table name
* @return array
*/
abstract public function columns(string $table): array;
/**
* Returns a query snippet for a column default value
*
* @param string $name Column name
* @param array $column Column definition array with an optional `default` key
* @return array Array with a `query` string and a `bindings` array
*/
public function columnDefault(string $name, array $column): array
{
if (isset($column['default']) === false) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
}
$binding = $this->bindingName($name . '_default');
return [
'query' => 'DEFAULT ' . $binding,
'bindings' => [
$binding => $column['default']
]
];
}
/**
* Returns the cleaned identifier based on the table and column name
*
* @param string $table Table name
* @param string $column Column name
* @param bool $enforceQualified If true, a qualified identifier is returned in all cases
* @return string|null Identifier or null if the table or column is invalid
*/
public function columnName(string $table, string $column, bool $enforceQualified = false): ?string
{
// ensure we have clean $table and $column values without qualified identifiers
list($table, $column) = $this->splitIdentifier($table, $column);
// combine the identifiers again
if ($this->database->validateColumn($table, $column) === true) {
return $this->combineIdentifier($table, $column, $enforceQualified !== true);
}
// the table or column does not exist
return null;
}
/**
* Abstracted column types to simplify table
* creation for multiple database drivers
* @codeCoverageIgnore
*
* @return array
*/
public function columnTypes(): array
{
return [
'id' => '{{ name }} INT(11) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY',
'varchar' => '{{ name }} varchar(255) {{ null }} {{ default }} {{ unique }}',
'text' => '{{ name }} TEXT {{ unique }}',
'int' => '{{ name }} INT(11) UNSIGNED {{ null }} {{ default }} {{ unique }}',
'timestamp' => '{{ name }} TIMESTAMP {{ null }} {{ default }} {{ unique }}'
];
}
/**
* Combines an identifier (table and column)
*
* @param $table string
* @param $column string
* @param $values boolean Whether the identifier is going to be used for a VALUES clause;
* only relevant for SQLite
* @return string
*/
public function combineIdentifier(string $table, string $column, bool $values = false): string
{
return $this->quoteIdentifier($table) . '.' . $this->quoteIdentifier($column);
}
/**
* Creates the CREATE TABLE syntax for a single column
*
* @param string $name Column name
* @param array $column Column definition array; valid keys:
* - `type` (required): Column template to use
* - `null`: Whether the column may be NULL (boolean)
* - `key`: Index this column is part of; special values `'primary'` for PRIMARY KEY and `true` for automatic naming
* - `unique`: Whether the index (or if not set the column itself) has a UNIQUE constraint
* - `default`: Default value of this column
* @return array Array with `query` and `key` strings, a `unique` boolean and a `bindings` array
* @throws \Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException if no column type is given or the column type is not supported.
*/
public function createColumn(string $name, array $column): array
{
// column type
if (isset($column['type']) === false) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('No column type given for column ' . $name);
}
$template = $this->columnTypes()[$column['type']] ?? null;
if (!$template) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Unsupported column type: ' . $column['type']);
}
// null option
if (A::get($column, 'null') === false) {
$null = 'NOT NULL';
} else {
$null = 'NULL';
}
// indexes/keys
if (isset($column['key']) === true) {
if (is_string($column['key']) === true) {
$column['key'] = strtolower($column['key']);
} elseif ($column['key'] === true) {
$column['key'] = $name . '_index';
}
}
// unique
$uniqueKey = false;
$uniqueColumn = null;
if (isset($column['unique']) === true && $column['unique'] === true) {
if (isset($column['key']) === true) {
// this column is part of an index, make that unique
$uniqueKey = true;
} else {
// make the column itself unique
$uniqueColumn = 'UNIQUE';
}
}
// default value
$columnDefault = $this->columnDefault($name, $column);
$query = trim(Str::template($template, [
'name' => $this->quoteIdentifier($name),
'null' => $null,
'default' => $columnDefault['query'],
'unique' => $uniqueColumn
], ''));
return [
'query' => $query,
'bindings' => $columnDefault['bindings'],
'key' => $column['key'] ?? null,
'unique' => $uniqueKey
];
}
/**
* Creates the inner query for the columns in a CREATE TABLE query
*
* @param array $columns Array of column definition arrays, see `Kirby\Database\Sql::createColumn()`
* @return array Array with a `query` string and `bindings`, `keys` and `unique` arrays
*/
public function createTableInner(array $columns): array
{
$query = [];
$bindings = [];
$keys = [];
$unique = [];
foreach ($columns as $name => $column) {
$sql = $this->createColumn($name, $column);
// collect query and bindings
$query[] = $sql['query'];
$bindings += $sql['bindings'];
// make a list of keys per key name
if ($sql['key'] !== null) {
if (isset($keys[$sql['key']]) !== true) {
$keys[$sql['key']] = [];
}
$keys[$sql['key']][] = $name;
if ($sql['unique'] === true) {
$unique[$sql['key']] = true;
}
}
}
return [
'query' => implode(',' . PHP_EOL, $query),
'bindings' => $bindings,
'keys' => $keys,
'unique' => $unique
];
}
/**
* Creates a CREATE TABLE query
*
* @param string $table Table name
* @param array $columns Array of column definition arrays, see `Kirby\Database\Sql::createColumn()`
* @return array Array with a `query` string and a `bindings` array
*/
public function createTable(string $table, array $columns = []): array
{
$inner = $this->createTableInner($columns);
// add keys
foreach ($inner['keys'] as $key => $columns) {
// quote each column name and make a list string out of the column names
$columns = implode(', ', array_map(function ($name) {
return $this->quoteIdentifier($name);
}, $columns));
if ($key === 'primary') {
$key = 'PRIMARY KEY';
} else {
$unique = isset($inner['unique'][$key]) === true ? 'UNIQUE ' : '';
$key = $unique . 'INDEX ' . $this->quoteIdentifier($key);
}
$inner['query'] .= ',' . PHP_EOL . $key . ' (' . $columns . ')';
}
return [
'query' => 'CREATE TABLE ' . $this->quoteIdentifier($table) . ' (' . PHP_EOL . $inner['query'] . PHP_EOL . ')',
'bindings' => $inner['bindings']
];
}
/**
* Builds a DELETE clause
*
* @param array $params List of parameters for the DELETE clause. See defaults for more info.
* @return array
*/
public function delete(array $params = []): array
{
$defaults = [
'table' => '',
'where' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
$options = array_merge($defaults, $params);
$bindings = $options['bindings'];
$query = ['DELETE'];
// from
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->from($options['table']));
// where
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->where($options['where']));
return [
'query' => $this->query($query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* Creates the sql for dropping a single table
*
* @param string $table
* @return array
*/
public function dropTable(string $table): array
{
return [
'query' => 'DROP TABLE ' . $this->tableName($table),
'bindings' => []
];
}
/**
* Extends a given query and bindings
* by reference
*
* @param array $query
* @param array $bindings
* @param array $input
* @return void
*/
public function extend(&$query, array &$bindings = [], $input)
{
if (empty($input['query']) === false) {
$query[] = $input['query'];
$bindings = array_merge($bindings, $input['bindings']);
}
}
/**
* Creates the from syntax
*
* @param string $table
* @return array
*/
public function from(string $table): array
{
return [
'query' => 'FROM ' . $this->tableName($table),
'bindings' => []
];
}
/**
* Creates the group by syntax
*
* @param string $group
* @return array
*/
public function group(string $group = null): array
{
if (empty($group) === true) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
}
return [
'query' => 'GROUP BY ' . $group,
'bindings' => []
];
}
/**
* Creates the having syntax
*
* @param string|null $having
* @return array
*/
public function having(string $having = null): array
{
if (empty($having) === true) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
}
return [
'query' => 'HAVING ' . $having,
'bindings' => []
];
}
/**
* Creates an insert query
*
* @param array $params
* @return array
*/
public function insert(array $params = []): array
{
$table = $params['table'] ?? null;
$values = $params['values'] ?? null;
$bindings = $params['bindings'];
$query = ['INSERT INTO ' . $this->tableName($table)];
// add the values
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->values($table, $values, ', ', false));
return [
'query' => $this->query($query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* Creates a join query
*
* @param string $table
* @param string $type
* @param string $on
* @return array
* @throws \Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException if an invalid join type is given
*/
public function join(string $type, string $table, string $on): array
{
$types = [
'JOIN',
'INNER JOIN',
'OUTER JOIN',
'LEFT OUTER JOIN',
'LEFT JOIN',
'RIGHT OUTER JOIN',
'RIGHT JOIN',
'FULL OUTER JOIN',
'FULL JOIN',
'NATURAL JOIN',
'CROSS JOIN',
'SELF JOIN'
];
$type = strtoupper(trim($type));
// validate join type
if (in_array($type, $types) === false) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid join type ' . $type);
}
return [
'query' => $type . ' ' . $this->tableName($table) . ' ON ' . $on,
'bindings' => [],
];
}
/**
* Create the syntax for multiple joins
*
* @param array|null $joins
* @return array
*/
public function joins(array $joins = null): array
{
$query = [];
$bindings = [];
foreach ((array)$joins as $join) {
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->join($join['type'] ?? 'JOIN', $join['table'] ?? null, $join['on'] ?? null));
}
return [
'query' => implode(' ', array_filter($query)),
'bindings' => [],
];
}
/**
* Creates a limit and offset query instruction
*
* @param int $offset
* @param int|null $limit
* @return array
*/
public function limit(int $offset = 0, int $limit = null): array
{
// no need to add it to the query
if ($offset === 0 && $limit === null) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
}
$limit = $limit ?? '18446744073709551615';
$offsetBinding = $this->bindingName('offset');
$limitBinding = $this->bindingName('limit');
return [
'query' => 'LIMIT ' . $offsetBinding . ', ' . $limitBinding,
'bindings' => [
$limitBinding => $limit,
$offsetBinding => $offset,
]
];
}
/**
* Creates the order by syntax
*
* @param string $order
* @return array
*/
public function order(string $order = null): array
{
if (empty($order) === true) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
}
return [
'query' => 'ORDER BY ' . $order,
'bindings' => []
];
}
/**
* Converts a query array into a final string
*
* @param array $query
* @param string $separator
* @return string
*/
public function query(array $query, string $separator = ' ')
{
return implode($separator, array_filter($query));
}
/**
* Quotes an identifier (table *or* column)
*
* @param $identifier string
* @return string
*/
public function quoteIdentifier(string $identifier): string
{
// * is special, don't quote that
if ($identifier === '*') {
return $identifier;
}
// escape backticks inside the identifier name
$identifier = str_replace('`', '``', $identifier);
// wrap in backticks
return '`' . $identifier . '`';
}
/**
* Builds a select clause
*
* @param array $params List of parameters for the select clause. Check out the defaults for more info.
* @return array An array with the query and the bindings
*/
public function select(array $params = []): array
{
$defaults = [
'table' => '',
'columns' => '*',
'join' => null,
'distinct' => false,
'where' => null,
'group' => null,
'having' => null,
'order' => null,
'offset' => 0,
'limit' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
$options = array_merge($defaults, $params);
$bindings = $options['bindings'];
$query = ['SELECT'];
// select distinct values
if ($options['distinct'] === true) {
$query[] = 'DISTINCT';
}
// columns
$query[] = $this->selected($options['table'], $options['columns']);
// from
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->from($options['table']));
// joins
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->joins($options['join']));
// where
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->where($options['where']));
// group
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->group($options['group']));
// having
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->having($options['having']));
// order
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->order($options['order']));
// offset and limit
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->limit($options['offset'], $options['limit']));
return [
'query' => $this->query($query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* Creates a columns definition from string or array
*
* @param string $table
* @param array|string|null $columns
* @return string
*/
public function selected($table, $columns = null): string
{
// all columns
if (empty($columns) === true) {
return '*';
}
// array of columns
if (is_array($columns) === true) {
// validate columns
$result = [];
foreach ($columns as $column) {
list($table, $columnPart) = $this->splitIdentifier($table, $column);
if ($this->validateColumn($table, $columnPart) === true) {
$result[] = $this->combineIdentifier($table, $columnPart);
}
}
return implode(', ', $result);
} else {
return $columns;
}
}
/**
* Splits a (qualified) identifier into table and column
*
* @param $table string Default table if the identifier is not qualified
* @param $identifier string
* @return array
* @throws \Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException if an invalid identifier is given
*/
public function splitIdentifier($table, $identifier): array
{
// split by dot, but only outside of quotes
$parts = preg_split('/(?:`[^`]*`|"[^"]*")(*SKIP)(*F)|\./', $identifier);
switch (count($parts)) {
// non-qualified identifier
case 1:
return [$table, $this->unquoteIdentifier($parts[0])];
// qualified identifier
case 2:
return [$this->unquoteIdentifier($parts[0]), $this->unquoteIdentifier($parts[1])];
// every other number is an error
default:
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid identifier ' . $identifier);
}
}
/**
* Returns a query to list the tables of the current database;
* the query needs to return rows with a column `name`
*
* @return array
*/
abstract public function tables(): array;
/**
* Validates and quotes a table name
*
* @param string $table
* @return string
* @throws \Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException if an invalid table name is given
*/
public function tableName(string $table): string
{
// validate table
if ($this->database->validateTable($table) === false) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid table ' . $table);
}
return $this->quoteIdentifier($table);
}
/**
* Unquotes an identifier (table *or* column)
*
* @param $identifier string
* @return string
*/
public function unquoteIdentifier(string $identifier): string
{
// remove quotes around the identifier
if (in_array(Str::substr($identifier, 0, 1), ['"', '`']) === true) {
$identifier = Str::substr($identifier, 1);
}
if (in_array(Str::substr($identifier, -1), ['"', '`']) === true) {
$identifier = Str::substr($identifier, 0, -1);
}
// unescape duplicated quotes
return str_replace(['""', '``'], ['"', '`'], $identifier);
}
/**
* Builds an update clause
*
* @param array $params List of parameters for the update clause. See defaults for more info.
* @return array
*/
public function update(array $params = []): array
{
$defaults = [
'table' => null,
'values' => null,
'where' => null,
'bindings' => []
];
$options = array_merge($defaults, $params);
$bindings = $options['bindings'];
// start the query
$query = ['UPDATE ' . $this->tableName($options['table']) . ' SET'];
// add the values
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->values($options['table'], $options['values']));
// add the where clause
$this->extend($query, $bindings, $this->where($options['where']));
return [
'query' => $this->query($query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* Validates a given column name in a table
*
* @param string $table
* @param string $column
* @return bool
* @throws \Kirby\Exception\InvalidArgumentException If the column is invalid
*/
public function validateColumn(string $table, string $column): bool
{
if ($this->database->validateColumn($table, $column) !== true) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('Invalid column ' . $column);
}
return true;
}
/**
* Builds a safe list of values for insert, select or update queries
*
* @param string $table Table name
* @param mixed $values A value string or array of values
* @param string $separator A separator which should be used to join values
* @param bool $set If true builds a set list of values for update clauses
* @param bool $enforceQualified Always use fully qualified column names
*/
public function values(string $table, $values, string $separator = ', ', bool $set = true, bool $enforceQualified = false): array
{
if (is_array($values) === false) {
return [
'query' => $values,
'bindings' => []
];
}
if ($set === true) {
return $this->valueSet($table, $values, $separator, $enforceQualified);
} else {
return $this->valueList($table, $values, $separator, $enforceQualified);
}
}
/**
* Creates a list of fields and values
*
* @param string $table
* @param string|array $values
* @param string $separator
* @param bool $enforceQualified
* @param array
*/
public function valueList(string $table, $values, string $separator = ',', bool $enforceQualified = false): array
{
$fields = [];
$query = [];
$bindings = [];
foreach ($values as $key => $value) {
$fields[] = $this->columnName($table, $key, $enforceQualified);
if (in_array($value, static::$literals, true) === true) {
$query[] = $value ?: 'null';
continue;
}
if (is_array($value) === true) {
$value = json_encode($value);
}
// add the binding
$bindings[$bindingName = $this->bindingName('value')] = $value;
// create the query
$query[] = $bindingName;
}
return [
'query' => '(' . implode($separator, $fields) . ') VALUES (' . implode($separator, $query) . ')',
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* Creates a set of values
*
* @param string $table
* @param string|array $values
* @param string $separator
* @param bool $enforceQualified
* @param array
* @return array
*/
public function valueSet(string $table, $values, string $separator = ',', bool $enforceQualified = false): array
{
$query = [];
$bindings = [];
foreach ($values as $column => $value) {
$key = $this->columnName($table, $column, $enforceQualified);
if (in_array($value, static::$literals, true) === true) {
$query[] = $key . ' = ' . ($value ?: 'null');
continue;
}
if (is_array($value) === true) {
$value = json_encode($value);
}
// add the binding
$bindings[$bindingName = $this->bindingName('value')] = $value;
// create the query
$query[] = $key . ' = ' . $bindingName;
}
return [
'query' => implode($separator, $query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
/**
* @param string|array|null $where
* @param array $bindings
* @return array
*/
public function where($where, array $bindings = []): array
{
if (empty($where) === true) {
return [
'query' => null,
'bindings' => [],
];
}
if (is_string($where) === true) {
return [
'query' => 'WHERE ' . $where,
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
$query = [];
foreach ($where as $key => $value) {
$binding = $this->bindingName('where_' . $key);
$bindings[$binding] = $value;
$query[] = $key . ' = ' . $binding;
}
return [
'query' => 'WHERE ' . implode(' AND ', $query),
'bindings' => $bindings
];
}
}